Ventilating tunnels.



No. 852,995. PATENTED MAY '7, 1907.

H.v BLAGKMAN.

VENTILATING TUNNELS.

AAPPLIGATION FILED APR .16. 190e.

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INVE'NTOR:

WITNESSES: Q

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PATBNTBD MAY 7, 1907.

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H. BLAGKMAN. VBNTILATINGTUNNBLS. .APPLIOATIN FILED APB.16. 1906.

FIG. J.`

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

PATENTED MAY '7, .1907.

H. BLAGKMAN.

VENTILATING TUNNBLS.

APPLICATION FILED APB.. 16. 1906.

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/ INVENTQR l I I V I l WITNESSES;

AVentilating by inducing through which the cars B travel.

HENRY BLACKMAN, or -BELMAE, NEW JERSEY.

VENTILATING TUNNELS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented may 7, i907.

Application sled April 16,1906.` serial No. 311.938,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY BLAoInuAN,-a` citizenof the United States, residing at Belmar, in the county of Monmouth and State. of New'Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilating Tunnels, ofv which the following is a specification. v y f The invention aims to provide a system or means'of purifying the atmosphere in railway tunnels in which there are a number of entrances arranged along the length of the tunnel, and outside means are arranged for withdrawing bad air. from the tunnel at points intermediate between such entrances7 the ventilation being assistedl if desired by simultaneously forcing air in at the entrances; the particular features of novelty being referred to in detail herein and stated briefly in the claims. l

I do not claimbroadly in this application short air currents from the entrances to the intermediate points, thisbeing claimed in my application N o 348,744 iiled December 20, 1906 and the present application being limited to positive air-withdrawing means outside of the tunnel for sucking the air out at such intermediate points. 1'

The accompanying drawings illustrate the application o the system to a vtunnel similar 'to the .New York subways.

Figure 1 is a transverse section through the tunnel; Fig. 2 is a plan-of a portion thereof; Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical cross-sections of the tunnel illustrating outlets or inlets thereof. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a diagrammatic plan and a section through an entrance where vair is being forced in.

Referring to the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated, A is the tunnel The usual stations C are provided at suitable intervals. Between each .two stations is located a suction pum or fan D communicating with the interior o the tunnel near the roof andv carrying away the air therefrom to any suitable oint, such as the chimney 'E of a power ouse. The operation of the suction pump D effects a very rapid removal of the most vitiated air near the to of the tunnel. deficiency is made -up lliy an additional supply of air coming down through the stations C.

The openings throu h which ,air is withdrawn from the tunnel-'or introduced thereinto must-be specially arranged to prevent the admission of water'. A number of slutable arangements are shown in Figs. 3 and 4',

any one of which may be used or any nunber of them in combination. The -air may be passed for example through a lamp-post Y, open atthe top, 'andprovided with a hood Z to keep out rain,v a fan a being arranged at the bottom or at the top of the lamp-post. By arranging it at the top of the lamp-post, an economy of'space will be eHected, -sincethere would be 4no interference with traflic, o'r a ycolumn b for supporting a letter box or other device may carry awayv the bad'air.

Where an opening at the level of the street is desired, there may be provideda man-hole c (Fig. 3) with 'a hood d which shedsthe rain into a gutter e connecting by a pipe f with the sewer g. An electric fan It may be operatedby current from wires running to the under'- O'round conduit j. A separate compartment i' large enough for a man to enter, is provided at the side so as to have`access for starting or stopping the fan and for making any necessary repairs. Ora similar outletl or inlet l may be ,provided along the edge of the side- .-walk, as shown in Fig. 4. Assuming that this is to be used as .an-inlet for fresh air, a screen 'm is provided through which air must pass in order to enter the conduit n leading to the' tunnel.

Rain Water will collect in a de-' pression in the floor, and will vbe carried o to the sewer g. The coarsest dirt-"will berestrained by the grating on the' top of the manhole, and the finer dirt by a ating near the bottom. A valve pvwill e used to cut off the entrance to the conduitn in case of heavy rain or 'choking of sewers,"this valve being in a second compartment accessible by means of a removable cover plate q.

Various arrangements may be. used for forcing in air at the entrances as above I' e-A ferred to. For vexample as shown in Fig. 5, one or more fansr may be mounted upon brackets s near the ends of the stations with their outlets directed towardr the space between stations,`=and with their inlet pipes t passing up through the ysidewalk or roadway overhead7 with suitablemeans for intercepting dirt. l l

Though I have described with great particularity of detail. certain specic processes embodymg the invention, yet lit is notto be understood that the invention is limited to the exact process described.

Various modifications may be made by' IOO IIO

those skilled inl the art, without departure from the invention.

1. Means for purifying lthe atmosphere inla railway tunnel having a number of entrances along its length, comprising ymeans lying entirely outside of thespace within the tunnel 'for withdrawing bad' air from the tunnel at points approximately half way between such entrances so as to draw from two adjacent entrances and create two Ventilating currents in opposite directions from the two entrances toward the half way point, the tunnel being closed except atthe entrances and at said intermediate points7 so that the withdrawal of bad air at said intermediate points induces an 'inflow of fresh air at the entrances only.

3. Weens for puifying the atmosphere in a railway tunnel carrying a plurality of tracks for trains moving in opposite directions and constructed without partitions and having a number of entrances along its length, comprising ineans lying entirely outside of the space within the tunnel for withdrawing bad air iroin'the tunnel at points approximately halfway between such entrances so as to draw from two adjacent entrances'and create two ventilatiiig currents in opposite directions from the two entrances toward the half way l point/the tunnel being closed except at said entrances and said 'intermediate points, so that the withdrawal of the bad air at said intermediate points induces an iniiow-of fresh air at the entrances only.

4. Means for purifying the atmosphere in a 'railway tunnel having a number of entrances along its length, comprising means lying entirely outside of the space within the tunnel for withdrawing bad air from the tunnel at points approximately half way between such entrances so as to draw from two adjacent entrances and create two Ventilating currents Q in opposite directions from the two entrances toward the half way point, in combination with means for forcing air in at the entrances.

liiwitness whereof, I have hereunto signed my'naine in the presence of two subscribing HEN 'l Y BLAUKUAN.

` witnesses.

Vitnesses 1 D. ANTHONY UsiNA, THEODORE T. SNELL. 

